![]() ![]() On the other hand, suppressing the insulin signaling using streptozotocin markedly reduced the expression of adrenal SF-1 in mice. Together with the elevated SF-1 expression in adrenal glands, hyperactivation of insulin signaling led to increased aldosterone and corticosterone levels. Further, adrenal SF-1 expression was significantly increased by hyperactivation of insulin signaling in mice. Specifically, insulin increased the protein and RNA levels of SF-1 and steroidogenic target genes. In this study, we found that insulin regulates adrenal steroidogenesis by increasing the expression and activity of steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) both in vitro and in vivo and this insulin effect was partly through inhibition of FoxO1. However, the molecular mechanism leading to the dysregulation of the HPA axis is not well elucidated. ![]() Development of metabolic syndrome is associated with hyperactivity of the HPA axis characterized by elevated levels of circulating adrenal hormones including cortisol and aldosterone. ![]()
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